实验1：
// 现代C++标准库、算法库体验 // 本例用到以下内容: // 1. 字符串string, 动态数组容器类vector、迭代器 // 2. 算法库：反转元素次序、旋转元素 // 3. 函数模板、const引用作为形参 #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <algorithm>using namespace std;// 声明 // 模板函数声明 template<typename T> void output(const T &c);// 普通函数声明 void test1(); void test2(); void test3();int main() {cout << "测试1: \n";test1();cout << "\n测试2: \n";test2();cout << "\n测试3: \n";test3(); }// 函数实现 // 输出容器对象c中的元素 template <typename T> void output(const T &c) {for(auto &i: c)cout << i << " ";cout << endl; }// 测试1 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串 void test1() {string s0{"0123456789"};cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;string s1{s0};reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;string s2{s0};reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间，并且在复制过程中反转次序cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl; }// 测试2 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据 void test2() {vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};cout << "v0: ";output(v0);vector<int> v1{v0};reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());cout << "v1: ";output(v1);vector<int> v2{v0};reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());cout << "v2: ";output(v2); }// 测试3 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位 void test3() {vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};cout << "v0: ";output(v0);vector<int> v1{v0};rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end()); // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项，旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始cout << "v1: ";output(v1);vector<int> v2{v0};rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());cout << "v2: ";output(v2);vector<int> v3{v0};rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());cout << "v3: ";output(v3);vector<int> v4{v0};rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());cout << "v4: ";output(v4); }
实验2：
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <numeric> #include <iomanip>using namespace std;// 函数声明 // 模板函数声明 template<typename T> void output(const T &c);// 普通函数声明 int rand_int_100(); void test1(); void test2();int main() {cout << "测试1: \n";test1();cout << "\n测试2: \n";test2(); }// 函数实现 // 输出容器对象c中的元素 template <typename T> void output(const T &c) {for(auto &i: c)cout << i << " ";cout << endl; }// 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数 int rand_int_100() {return rand() % 101; }// 测试1 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序 void test1() {vector<int> v0(10); // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项cout << "v0: ";output(v0);vector<int> v1{v0};sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序cout << "v1: ";output(v1);vector<int> v2{v0};sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序cout << "v2: ";output(v2); }// 测试2 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值 void test2() {vector<int> v0(10); generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); cout << "v0: ";output(v0);auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;cout << endl;vector<int> v1{v0};cout << "v0: ";output(v0);sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后，均值: " << avg2 << endl; }
实验3：
#include <iostream> #include <string>// 函数定义，判断字符串是否为回文，区分大小写 bool is_palindrome(const std::string& s) {size_t length = s.length();for (size_t i = 0; i < length / 2; ++i) {if (s[i] != s[length - 1 - i]) {return false;}}return true; }int main() {std::string s;while(std::cin >> s) { // 多组输入，直到按下Ctrl+D或Ctrl+Z后结束测试std::cout << std::boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << std::endl;}return 0; }
实验4：
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stack>std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2) {if (x == 0) return "0";const std::string digits = "0123456789ABCDEF"; std::stack<char> remainderStack;while (x > 0) {remainderStack.push(digits[x % n]);x /= n;}std::string result;while (!remainderStack.empty()) {result += remainderStack.top();remainderStack.pop();}return result; }int main() {int x;while(std::cin >> x) {std::cout << "十进制: " << x << std::endl;std::cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << std::endl;std::cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << std::endl;std::cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << std::endl << std::endl;}return 0; }
实验5：
#include<iostream> #include<string> #include<vector> #include<algorithm> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; template<typename T> void output(const T &c); int main() {vector<char>v0{'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','o','v','w','x','y','z'};vector<char>v1{'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','O','V','W','X','Y','Z'};cout << " ";output(v0);for(int i = 1;i<=26;i++){vector<char>v2{v1};cout <<setw(2) << i << " ";rotate(v2.begin(),v2.begin()+i,v2.end());output(v2);}}template <typename T>void output(const T &c){for(auto &i:c)cout << i <<" ";cout << endl;}
实验6：
#include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> using namespace std; int main() {srand(time(0)); int a, b, user_answer, correct_answer;char op;int correct_count = 0;for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {a = rand() % 10 + 1;b = rand() % 10 + 1;op = "+-*/"[rand() % 4]; if (op == '+') {correct_answer = a + b;} else if (op == '-') {if (a <b) {int temp = a;a = b;b = temp;}correct_answer = a - b;} else if (op == '*') {correct_answer = a * b;} else if (op == '/') {while (b == 0 || a % b != 0) { a = rand() % 10 + 1;b = rand() % 10 + 1;}correct_answer = a / b;} cout << a << " " << op << " " << b << " = ";cin >> user_answer;if (user_answer == correct_answer) {correct_count++;}} cout << "正确率: " << (correct_count * 10) << "%" << endl;return 0;}
